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Maplebrook Farm Feature Article
courtesy of
EQUISEARCH.com
TRAINING A HORSE WITH SEPARATION ANXIETY
To overcome the problems associated with separation
anxiety, form a better bond with your horse so he respects and takes
confidence in your leadership.
By
Camie Heleski
Question: My 14-year-old First Level Thoroughbred
gelding freaks out anytime he is around another horse and
that horse leaves. For example, during a hack, we passed two
horses in a fenced field. When we left them behind us, he
started yelling, rearing and spinning to try to run back to
them. I dismounted and had to lead him home. Otherwise, he
is a lovely horse, and I would like to show him. Do you have
any suggestions?
Answer: If you evaluate these situations from the
horse's perspective, they are not at all unusual. The horse
takes great comfort in the instinct that there is safety in
numbers. It is quite natural and common for a horse to form
nearly immediate social bonds with other horses,
particularly if the horse is in a venue that may make him a
bit uneasy to start with, such as trail riding. Admittedly,
your gelding is 14, but you may have to treat him like a
"baby" for the time being.
When
your horse is acting as you described, it is indeed a
dangerous situation, and you must take care not to get hurt.
Dismounting and leading your horse is perfectly acceptable
under the circumstances. I believe people get too hung up on
the idea that they must ride their way through every bad or
new scenario. Your horse will have more confidence in these
situations if you are on the ground. For example, when I
train horses to cross rivers, quite often I will dismount
and lead the horse through it the first time or two. Yes, my
boots get wet, but it is much easier to convince the horse
that the river isn't a monster if I am willing to walk
through it myself. Take care, though, that you know how to
safely handle your gelding from the ground and that you are
the dominant partner in your relationship with him, which I
will explain a little later.
But before that, when your horse throws these fits, make
sure not to inadvertently reinforce them. If you allow
yourself to become nervous, your horse sees this as
reinforcement that he should be worried about the other
horse leaving him. If you shorten the workout, your horse
may see this as a reward for his poor behavior. No matter
how much the quality of the workout may diminish, you must
continue until the horse is again tuned into you. You can go
back to simple movements for a while until he eventually
returns his focus to you.
If you have problems on the trail and feel more comfortable
walking him back to the ring, continue working him in the
ring until he has calmed down. The next time you go out on
the trails, try taking a "babysitter" or older, quiet horse
with you. As your horse gains confidence, the babysitter can
be progressively farther away and eventually eliminated.
One
possible cause for your horse's lack of response to you
during these situations is that he does not yet accept you
as the dominant member of your partnership. Many horses go
along willingly for their riders as long as everything is a
comfortable environment, but as soon as the situation
becomes unnerving, the horse is not willing to place
complete confidence in his rider.
Theoretically, a horse should form a surrogate bond with his
rider that normally he would form with other horses in his
heard. Watch other riders interact with their horses: You
will see some people are obviously the more dominant member
of the horse-person team, and you will see other pairs where
it is clear the horse has the upper hand.
To form a better bond with your horse, work on establishing
his respect for your body language by developing
on-the-ground skills, such as leading quietly and standing
still while you groom and tack him. Longeing and round-pen
exercises also develop the partnership you are seeking with
your horse.
Depending on your horse's personality, you may need to be
more decisive or stern when you give him a command to halt
on the lead line so he learns to listen and respond to you.
Or you may need to approach what you want him to do more
quietly and patiently--but still firmly--if he frightens
easily. The input of a skilled trainer who can personally
observe your interactions can be helpful.
I do not think this problem will prohibit you from showing
this horse, but it will take a great deal of patience,
training and confidence on your part to overcome his
anxiety. Wait to try showing until your horse is confident
and listening well to you at home.
Camie Heleski coordinates the
Michigan State University Horse Management Program. She also
teaches horse behavior, horsemanship, judging and exercise
physiology at the university. She rides her
Arabian/Trakehner at the lower levels of dressage in Mason,
Mich.
Reproduced from the March 2002 issue
of Dressage Today magazine.
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